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start [2013/11/11 12:53] – [Yurevichi, Belarus] Jon Jaroker | start [2023/03/04 21:57] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1 | ||
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+ | ~~NOTOC~~ | ||
====== Yurevichi, Belarus ====== | ====== Yurevichi, Belarus ====== | ||
An oasis in the marshlands of [[geography: | An oasis in the marshlands of [[geography: | ||
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<WRAP half column> | <WRAP half column> | ||
- | <WRAP center round box 90%> | + | === Alternative Names === |
- | == Alternative Names == | + | |
; English | ; English | ||
: Yurovichi, Yuravitch ((Source: [[: | : Yurovichi, Yuravitch ((Source: [[: | ||
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: Юравічы ((Source: [[sources: | : Юравічы ((Source: [[sources: | ||
; Polish Kingdom | ; Polish Kingdom | ||
- | : Jurewicze ((Source: [[: | + | : Jurewicze ((Source: [[: |
; Yiddish | ; Yiddish | ||
: ((Source: [[: | : ((Source: [[: | ||
- | </ | + | |
</ | </ | ||
+ | |||
<WRAP half column> | <WRAP half column> | ||
- | <WRAP center round box 90%> | + | |
- | == Not the Same As == | + | === Not the Same As === |
; Jurowce | ; Jurowce | ||
: Located in the Gmina Wasilków district, within Białystok County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, | : Located in the Gmina Wasilków district, within Białystok County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, | ||
- | | ||
- | </ | ||
- | <WRAP center round box 90%> | + | |
- | == Other Identifiers | + | === Other Identifiers |
; Coordinates | ; Coordinates | ||
: 51°57' | : 51°57' | ||
; Kagen Number | ; Kagen Number | ||
: 4055 ((Source: [[: | : 4055 ((Source: [[: | ||
+ | |||
</ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ---- | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Maps ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | <WRAP third column> | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Iourevitchi in 1835 === | ||
+ | |||
+ | [[: | ||
+ | |||
</ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | <WRAP half column> | ||
+ | === Yurevichi Today === | ||
+ | |||
+ | <olmap id=" | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | ---- | ||
+ | |||
===== Beginnings of the Jewish Community ====== | ===== Beginnings of the Jewish Community ====== | ||
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* Jesuit mission | * Jesuit mission | ||
+ | ===== Russian Empire ===== | ||
- | ===== Transition from Polish | + | * Initially a status quo. Economic situation was bad since 1650s. |
+ | * Polish | ||
+ | * Attempts to convert new lands to Orthodoxy, but Catholicism, | ||
+ | * new taxes on property and commerce | ||
+ | * ban on ownership of property in rural areas | ||
+ | * increased difficulty of entrepreneurship | ||
+ | * compeititon in crafts and trade | ||
==== Second Partition of Poland ==== | ==== Second Partition of Poland ==== | ||
Line 114: | Line 145: | ||
* Catherine the Great takes over lands. Russia tried to keep Jews out of Russian lands, but now inherits the large Jewish population of Grand Duchy. | * Catherine the Great takes over lands. Russia tried to keep Jews out of Russian lands, but now inherits the large Jewish population of Grand Duchy. | ||
* relative religious tolerance in Belarus changes to suppression of non-Orthodox religions and submission to the Moscow czars. | * relative religious tolerance in Belarus changes to suppression of non-Orthodox religions and submission to the Moscow czars. | ||
+ | * Yurevichi becomes part of Rechitsa Uezd and part of the Minsk Province (Gubernia) | ||
+ | * Initially, not much change. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== War of 1812 ==== | ||
+ | * quartering of French soldiers in Jewish homes. Conflicts with lighting fires on the Sabbeth. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Tax Collections ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Rise in tax collection from Jews | ||
+ | * Kosher meat tax: initial use to support jewish community. | ||
+ | * Candle tax | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Commerce ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Drinking establishments provide largest source of income | ||
+ | * | ||
+ | ==== Compulsory Military Service ==== | ||
+ | * started in 1827. cantonists. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Notable Figures ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Feigin family, including Litman (motel) Feigin. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Russification ==== | ||
+ | * attempt to minimize influence of Polish culsture and Jewish economic role | ||
+ | * closing of Catholic monasteries and opening Orthodox ones | ||
+ | * Conscription at age 8 to serve 25 years from age 18. " | ||
==== Emancipation of the Serfs ==== | ==== Emancipation of the Serfs ==== | ||
- | * attempt to diffuse hostility to monarchy | + | * attempt to diffuse hostility to monarchy; attempt to win support of peasants by Russian tsar |
* purchased by merchant Bakunienki (3400mr) (in 1800s?) | * purchased by merchant Bakunienki (3400mr) (in 1800s?) | ||
+ | * rise in standards of living | ||
==== Notes ==== | ==== Notes ==== | ||
* Conflict with Catholics. destruction of Jesuit church. | * Conflict with Catholics. destruction of Jesuit church. | ||
- | |||
* Commonwealth granted considerable autonomy to Jews | * Commonwealth granted considerable autonomy to Jews | ||
* Catholic presence...Orthodox | * Catholic presence...Orthodox | ||
* Oskierky estate | * Oskierky estate | ||
- | ===== The Wars ===== | ||
+ | ===== End of the Russian Empire ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | * start of pogroms in 1880s. | ||
+ | * View of Jewish merchants and manufacturers as exploiters. | ||
+ | * new regulations against Jews settling in rural areas or owning and renting property there | ||
+ | * result in Jewish population without means to support themselves and families if they lived outside the mestechkos | ||
+ | * forced out of villages into " | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Civil War ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Baluk-Balakovich attack. Sarah Suchman' | ||
===== Soviet Terror ===== | ===== Soviet Terror ===== | ||
===== German Terror ===== | ===== German Terror ===== |
start.txt · Last modified: 2023/03/04 21:57 by 127.0.0.1